Crypto licensing guides

Which licence you need, what it costs, and how long it takes

16 licences foundCompare side by side →
European Union
MiCA CASP Authorisation
National competent authority (home member state); ESMA register on grant
LiveExchange / tradingCustodyBroker / dealerTransfer / payments

Authorisation as a crypto-asset service provider under the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation. Apply once in your home member state and passport across all 27 EU countries. Around 280 CASPs have been authorised since…

Capital€50k–€150k by class
Realistic timelineTypically 4–12 months elapsed for a well-prepared file
United Kingdom
FCA Cryptoasset Authorisation
Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)
Gateway opens 30 Sep 2026Exchange / tradingCustodyBroker / dealerStablecoin issuance

The UK's new full authorisation regime for cryptoasset firms, created by the FSMA 2000 (Cryptoassets) Regulations 2026 with final FCA rules published 30 June 2026 (PS26/9–PS26/13). It covers dealing as principal or ag…

Capital£75k–£750k by activity
Realistic timelineNo track record yet — the gateway is new
UAE — Dubai
VARA VASP Licence
Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA)
LiveExchange / tradingCustodyBroker / dealerTransfer / payments

Dubai's dedicated virtual asset licence, covering all zones except the DIFC. One regulator, one application process, with seven activity categories — Advisory, Broker-Dealer, Custody, Exchange, Lending & Borrowing, VA…

CapitalAED 100k–1.5M by category
Realistic timelineNo statutory clock — a discretionary two-stage process
Hong Kong
SFC VASP (VATP) Licence
Securities and Futures Commission (SFC)
LiveExchange / tradingCustody

Hong Kong's licensing regime for virtual asset trading platforms, in force since June 2023. Platforms apply for SFO Type 1 and Type 7 licences and the AMLO VASP licence simultaneously — the SFC strongly encourages the…

CapitalHK$5M paid-up + liquid requirements
Realistic timelineAround 12 months in practice
Hong Kong
HKMA Stablecoin Issuer Licence
Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA)
LiveStablecoin issuance

Hong Kong's licensing regime for fiat-referenced stablecoin issuers under the Stablecoins Ordinance, in force since August 2025, with the first licences granted in April 2026 to Anchorpoint and HSBC. The regime has an…

CapitalHK$25M paid-up capital
Realistic timelineNo committed processing time — the HKMA describes licensing as an ongoing process
Singapore
MAS DPT Service Licence
Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS)
LiveExchange / tradingCustodyTransfer / payments

Singapore licenses digital payment token services under the Payment Services Act as either a Standard Payment Institution (below monthly thresholds) or Major Payment Institution. A separate DTSP regime under FSMA 2022…

CapitalS$100k–S$250k by tier
Realistic timelineRoughly 4–9 months for a straightforward MPI application
Japan
FSA Crypto-Asset Exchange Registration
Financial Services Agency (FSA) + JVCEA (self-regulatory organisation)
Live · regime changingExchange / tradingCustodyTransfer / payments

Japan registers crypto-asset exchange providers under the Payment Services Act through a substantive FSA examination run with the JVCEA self-regulatory layer. The regime is being restructured: the FIEA amendment passe…

Capital¥10M + positive net assets
Realistic timelineRoughly 12–24 months in practice
Australia
AFSL — Digital Asset Platforms
ASIC (+ AUSTRAC for AML/CTF)
Transition — no-action to 30 Sep 2026Exchange / tradingCustody

Australia's licensing story runs on two tracks. Now: digital asset financial products (stablecoins, wrapped tokens, tokenised securities, some wallets per updated INFO 225) need an AFSL, with ASIC's sector-wide no-act…

CapitalBase AFSL requirements; DAP/TCP standards in consultation
Realistic timelineAFSL applications historically run around 6–12 months
United States — Federal
FinCEN MSB Registration
FinCEN (US Treasury)
LiveTransfer / paymentsExchange / trading

The federal baseline nearly every US crypto business needs. Exchangers and administrators of convertible virtual currency are money transmitters under FinCEN's 2019 guidance — crypto-to-crypto counts the same as crypt…

CapitalNone — registration, not authorisation
United States — New York
NY BitLicense
New York State Department of Financial Services (NYDFS)
LiveExchange / tradingCustodyBroker / dealerTransfer / payments

The marquee US state crypto licence, in force since 2015 and among the most rigorous in the country. The application fee is $5,000, but capital is set case-by-case by NYDFS under 23 NYCRR 200.8 — there is no fixed num…

CapitalCase-by-case (NYDFS-set)
Realistic timelineTypically 6–24 months
United States — Multi-state
State Money Transmitter Licences
State regulators via NMLS / CSBS coordination
Live · converging under MTMATransfer / paymentsExchange / trading

The 49-state problem: US money transmission is licensed state by state, and most crypto businesses serving US customers nationally need a stack of them. The patchwork is becoming a grid — roughly 30 states and growing…

CapitalNet worth ~$25k–$1M+ by state
Realistic timelineFaster crypto-receptive states run around 4–8 months
United States — California
California DFAL Licence
California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (DFPI)
Live — deadline passed 1 Jul 2026Exchange / tradingCustodyTransfer / paymentsStablecoin issuance

The second BitLicense-style state regime in the US: California's Digital Financial Assets Law became fully operative on 1 July 2026, with applications open since 9 March 2026. Firms that filed a complete application b…

Capital≥$100k tangible net worth + $500k bond (starting points)
Realistic timelineThe regime is three weeks old at time of writing — no review track record yet
Canada
FINTRAC MSB + CSA/CIRO Dealer Registration
FINTRAC + provincial securities regulators (CSA) + CIRO
Live · transition winding downExchange / tradingCustodyTransfer / payments

Canada runs two layers. The federal AML layer is light: dealing in virtual currency makes you an MSB, registration with FINTRAC is free with no capital requirement, and non-residents are eligible as Foreign MSBs. The…

CapitalMSB: none · CIRO dealer: CAD 75k–250k
Realistic timelineCIRO membership review and board approval run multi-month
Bahrain
CBB Crypto-Asset Licence
Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB)
LiveExchange / tradingCustodyBroker / dealer

One of the first crypto licensing regimes in the Middle East, running since February 2019 under the CBB's CRA Module with four ascending categories: advisory (Category 1), agent trading, custody and portfolio manageme…

CapitalBD 25k–300k by category
Realistic timelineAround 60 days is claimed by one source — optimistic
Switzerland
FINMA Crypto Authorisation (Routes)
FINMA (+ recognised SROs: VQF, SO-FIT)
Live · restructuring proposedExchange / tradingCustodyTransfer / payments

Switzerland has no single crypto licence — the guide's core point. Most exchanges, OTC desks and wallet providers enter via SRO membership under the AMLA, with only company-law capital and a two-to-three-month admissi…

CapitalRoute-based: company-law only to CHF 5M+
Realistic timelineSRO membership: around 2–3 months for well-prepared applications
South Korea
VASP Registration (KoFIU)
Financial Services Commission / Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KoFIU), with KISA for ISMS
Live · effectively near-closedExchange / tradingCustody

Formally a registration, functionally one of the hardest doors in the world to open. There is no statutory capital number — the barriers are ISMS certification from KISA (six to eight months on its own) and, for fiat…

CapitalNo statutory minimum — barriers are ISMS + banking
Realistic timelineAverage review around 11 months