General information only. CryptoRegHub provides summaries for informational purposes and does not constitute legal or compliance advice. Always verify with official sources and consult qualified legal counsel before making compliance decisions.

BrowseUnited StatesGENIUS Act
Verify recommended:14 April 2026·Source →

US GENIUS Act — Federal Payment Stablecoin Framework

United StatesStablecoinsAML/Travel RuleStablecoin IssuersPayment Service ProvidersFintech / NeobanksExchanges / CEX / DEXOCCFDICFRBFinCENStablecoinsE-money tokensLicensing / AuthorisationCapital requirementsDisclosure / WhitepaperKYC / AMLRegulatory reportingConsumer protection
Enacted High risk
General information only — not legal advice

CryptoRegHub provides plain-English summaries of crypto regulations for informational purposes only. This does not constitute legal, compliance, or financial advice. Regulations change frequently — always verify information with official sources and consult qualified legal counsel before making any compliance decisions.

The Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act) was signed into law by President Trump on 18 July 2025, following bipartisan passage — 68-30 in the Senate and 308-122 in the House. It is the first major cryptocurrency legislation enacted in the United States and establishes a comprehensive federal regulatory framework for "payment stablecoins": digital assets designed to maintain a stable value, redeemable at a fixed amount, used for payments or settlement. The Act creates a federal licensing pathway through the OCC for non-bank issuers, and allows subsidiaries of insured depository institutions to issue stablecoins under their existing prudential regulators (FDIC, Federal Reserve, NCUA). Payment stablecoins are explicitly classified as neither securities nor commodities, placing them outside SEC and CFTC jurisdiction. Implementing regulations must be issued by 18 July 2026, with the regime taking full effect by 18 January 2027 (or 120 days after regulations are issued, whichever is earlier).

Who does it apply to?

Applies to any entity wishing to issue a payment stablecoin to US persons. After the effective date, only "permitted payment stablecoin issuers" (PPSIs) may issue payment stablecoins. Three years after enactment (July 2028), digital asset service providers will be prohibited from offering or selling stablecoins issued by non-PPSIs to US persons. Foreign issuers may serve US markets only if their home jurisdiction is certified as having a substantially equivalent regulatory regime by the US Treasury. The Act preempts state chartering/licensing laws for federal PPSIs, but does not preempt state consumer protection laws.

Key requirements

Key requirements for permitted payment stablecoin issuers: (1) 1:1 reserve backing in US dollars or approved low-risk liquid assets (e.g. US Treasury bills, insured deposits). Reserves may not be rehypothecated except in limited defined circumstances. (2) Monthly reserve composition disclosure published on website, independently examined by a registered public accounting firm, with CEO and CFO certification to the primary regulator. (3) Issuers with over USD 50 billion in outstanding issuance must publish audited annual financial statements. (4) Clear and conspicuous redemption policy with timely redemption procedures and fee disclosure. (5) Prohibition on paying interest or yield to stablecoin holders solely for holding the token (yield on other terms by third parties not prohibited). (6) BSA/AML compliance: treated as a financial institution — must maintain AML program, KYC, suspicious activity reporting, OFAC sanctions compliance. (7) Technical capability to block, freeze and burn tokens on lawful order. (8) Tailored capital, liquidity and risk management requirements set by regulators.

Obligation types

Licensing / Authorisation
Requirement to obtain a licence or authorisation before operating
Capital requirements
Minimum capital or reserve requirements
Disclosure / Whitepaper
Mandatory disclosures to users or markets
KYC / AML
Know Your Customer and Anti-Money Laundering obligations
Regulatory reporting
Ongoing reporting to regulators
Consumer protection
Rules protecting retail customers

Penalties & fines

Civil penalty — standard violation
Materially violating the Act or any regulation or order issued under it
Max: Up to USD 100,000 per day per violation
Applies to: Permitted payment stablecoin issuers
Civil penalty — wilful violation
Knowingly participating in a violation of the Act
Max: Up to USD 200,000 per day per violation
Applies to: Permitted payment stablecoin issuers and affiliated parties
Civil penalty — foreign issuer non-compliance
Non-compliant foreign stablecoin issuer serving US persons
Max: Up to USD 1,000,000 per day
Applies to: Foreign stablecoin issuers
Criminal penalty — false certification
Knowingly submitting false monthly reserve certification
Max: Criminal penalties under 18 USC 1350(c) — up to 20 years imprisonment
Applies to: CEO and CFO of PPSI
Criminal penalty — operating without approval
Issuing a payment stablecoin without being a PPSI
Max: Up to USD 500,000 per violation (Treasury referral)
Applies to: Any unauthorised issuer
Regulatory action
Cease-and-desist proceedings, prohibition from participation, licence revocation
Max: Loss of PPSI status
Applies to: PPSIs in violation

Implementation timeline

Feb 2025
GENIUS Act introduced in Senate by Senator Bill Hagerty (R-TN)
Jun 2025
Senate passed GENIUS Act — 68-30 bipartisan vote
17 Democratic senators joined 51 Republicans.
Jul 2025
House passed GENIUS Act — 308-122 vote
Passed without amendments to Senate version during "Crypto Week".
Jul 2025
President Trump signed GENIUS Act into law
First major US federal cryptocurrency legislation enacted.
Jul 2026DEADLINE
Deadline for federal regulators to issue implementing regulations
OCC, FDIC, Federal Reserve and NCUA must publish final rules by this date.
Jan 2027DEADLINE
GENIUS Act takes full effect (or 120 days after regulations — whichever earlier)
All payment stablecoin issuers must be permitted. Issuing without permission becomes unlawful.
Jul 2028DEADLINE
Digital asset service providers prohibited from selling non-PPSI stablecoins to US persons
Three-year grace period expires.

Official sources

GENIUS Act — Congress.gov text
https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/1582/text
OCC GENIUS Act implementation page
https://www.occ.treas.gov
Treasury public comment period (initiated Aug 2025)
https://www.treasury.gov

Always refer to official sources to confirm current requirements. CryptoRegHub summaries are for general guidance only.

Updates & news

17 March 2026
SEC and CFTC confirmed payment stablecoins outside their jurisdiction
Joint SEC-CFTC interpretation confirmed that GENIUS Act-compliant payment stablecoins are not securities or commodities.
18 August 2025
Treasury initiated 60-day public comment period on AML methods
Secretary of the Treasury sought feedback on innovative AML detection methods for digital assets as required by the Act.
18 July 2025
GENIUS Act signed into law — first federal US crypto legislation
President Trump signed the Act following strong bipartisan support. OCC confirmed it is "prepared to work swiftly" to implement the legislation.

Frequently asked questions

At a glance
JurisdictionUnited States
RegulatorOCC, FDIC, FRB, FinCEN
Official nameGuiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins Act of 2025, Pub. L. 119-xxx
StatusEnacted
Enacted18 Jul 2025
Effective from18 Jan 2027
Compliance deadline18 Jan 2027
Last verified14 Apr 2026
Penalty severity
High risk

Large fines, licence revocation, or criminal referral risk

Regulatory bodies
OCC
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Official website →
FDIC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Official website →
FRB
Federal Reserve Board
Official website →
FinCEN
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
Official website →
Disclaimer

This summary is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Always verify with official sources and consult qualified legal counsel.